Combined engine and pump.



G. A. BOYDEN, 1R. COMBINED ENGINE AND PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 5.1916.

Patented DeflS, 1917'.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

l G. A. BOYDEN,'JR. COMBINED ENGINE AND PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED FEB- 5. I9I6- Patented Dee. 18,191.7.;`

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- A. BUYDENIJII.

COMBINED ENGINE AND PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 5. I9Ie.

Patented Dec. 18, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- G. A. BOYDEN, 1m

COMBINED ENGINE AND PUMP. APPLICATION FILED rEB.5,916.

Patented inem-18,1911,v

-4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

valve casing 13 nrofidz-d with a bushing 14 having an enlarged chamber 15 and a reduced (hamber 16.

W'ithin said enlarged chamber 15 is mounted a pair of pistons 17, 18 while Within the reduced chamber 16 is a similar pair of pistons 19-20. The pistons 17, 18, 19 and 20 are suitably joined or connected together by a piston rod 21. 22 designates a passage for admitting steam from anv suitablev source 220 to the chamber 15 and through the port 23. 24 designates a passage leading from the chamber 16 through the port 25 to port 250 located in an enlargement of the bore in the end 262 of the steam cylinder 2, all as will be clear from the drawings. Y

26, (see Figs. 2, 4 and 6) indicates a passage provided with the port 260 leading from the chamber 15 and communicating withthe end 26101: the steam cylinder 2. 27 designates a port in the chamber 15 communicating with a passage 28, connected with an exhaust passage 29 While 30 is a similar port located in the chamber 16 and connected to said passage 28 by a passage 31. 321s a port leading from chamber 15 through the passages 33-34, 340-341 to the kexhaust passage 29.

35 is a similar passage provided with the port 350 also leading from the chamber 15 and joined to the passage 33 as at 36. 37 is an auxiliary passage or port located near the port 250, leading from the passage 33 into the steam cylinder 2 for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

The parts being located and arranged substantially as illustrated and described, the operation so far as now disclosed Will be as follows l Steam coming from the source 220 Will pass along the steam passage 22 and enter the enlarged chamber 15 by Way of the port 23. The said steam will thereupon enter the port 25 located in the reduced chamber 16, pass along the passage 24 to the port 250 and exert. pressure upon the piston 5 tending to move the same toward the left, as seen in Fig. 1. Steam will further enter the port 350 in the enlarged chamber 15, pass along the passage 35 to the groove 10, pass through said groove around the piston rod 7, and enter at the point 36, the passage 33, Where upon it will pass along said passage to the port 32, and enter said chamber 15 on the left hand side as seen in Fig. 1 of the piston 17. The steam entering the port 23 will thus exert a pressure upon the piston 19 tending to move the same toward the right as seen in Fig. 1 and also a greater pressure upon the piston 18 tending to move the same toward the left as seen in said figure. This said greater pressure .however Will be balanced bythe above named pressure toward the right that is exerted on the piston 17, so

that 'the valve pistons 17, 18, 19 and 20 will remain stationary. In the meantime, the piston 5 will be moved toward the left, as seen inF ig. 1, owing Vto the pressure of the steam .entering the port 250, and the piston rod 7 being likewise drawn toivard the left the groove 10 will be moved out of register With the passage 35, and steam through said passage to the port 32 will be thereupon cut on. A quantity of steam however will be trapped in the extreme left hand end-or1 the chamber 15, which trapped steam Will maintain the valve piston 17 in its stationary position.

As the piston 5 continues to move toward the left the passage or port 37 Will'be uncovered whereupon steam entering the port 250 will pass from `the cylinder 2 through Vsaid port 37'into the passage 33, and thus keep up or maintain the pressure on the piston 17 until the said piston v5 reaches the limit or' its stroke toward the left, or until some other predetermined position has been reached, depending upon-.the location of the groove 11. a

ythen ysaid predetermined period in the ystroke of the piston 5 has been reached, the groove 11, being properly located, Will then register withy the vert-ical passage 34, so that steam VAmay exhaust through the port 32- along the passage 33, the passage 34, the pas sage 340, and they passage 341, into the ex'- haust passages 28 and 29 all as Will be clear lfrom Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 of the drawings.

jressure being relieved from the piston 17, the pressure between the pistons 18 and V19 due to the'steam enteringt-he port 23 will no longer be counterbalanced and the piston 18 will Amove rapidly toward the left thus causing the piston A19 to tirst close and then uncover the port 25, the parts taking up the positions shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

Steam now continues to 'enter the chamber 15 through thevport 23, but the piston 18 having uncovered the port 260 V(see Fig. 4) steam leaves the chamber 15 by ivay of the said port 260, enters the passage 26, and the `Cyl,- inder 2 at the point 265, thus exerting a pressure on the piston y5 tending to move it to the right as seen in'Fig. 1.

As the piston 5 begins to move toward the right, asseen in Fig. 1, or toward the left, as seen in Fig. 4,steam already in the said cylinder Will beginy to exhaust through the port 37 into the passage 33 into the passage 4, 'around the groove 11, into the passageV 340, into the passage 341 and into the exexhaust 28 and 29.` As soon, however, as the piston rod 7 has moved a slight distance toward the left the groove 11 moves out or register "with the passage 34 and the exhaust through the port 37 is thus out oit.

But a reference to Fig. 3 will make it clear that steamy in the cylinder 2,l can still exhaust through the port 250 JltO. thepasthe cylinder 3, indicatesasourceof fluid -sage 24,\.iand"throughfethefport 12'5-sinto ith'e j'chamber :16. .2A yreference-*now ztofEi-g. 24.1 wvill v"show "thatthfis ssteamzgmay econtinuon'sly exf A :5 30 :andapassageglgtinto Vthe :exhaust fpassage fright' .as seen iintfFig. 1, .or hasfcorn'pleted its scyce. Y v o p .Steam is kexhausted ifi-om thenother side "0f Ythe piston 5 through .thepassage 226, port-260 ein` chamber 15iport 27, passage 28.andvex .haust-.z29vall .as will :be fcle'arirom 12 and 6. f

The above cycle of-operations causing'the Vpiston .5 to reciprocate :he-continued as long as :steam Eis zadmitted intoathe passage 222. It will befobvious that-'whenffsteamf'ris .admitted .under pressure through 'fthe port i250 fand theepiston. .5 .is "movingstoward the left, as seen .riniF ig.'=1, the liversteamien-teriaig the .cylinder 2 will tend to :escape-through the bore 5400 around the :piston 1ro'd17 and into the cylinderv 'On .thef-otherihanid, as

.will appear below, fluidatfthisanoment will be under pressure in'fthe cylinder3 andit will Alikewise tend, to .-escape around :the epis- ,ton -rod y7 through thebore 400 yintovthe vcylinder 2. 'It therefore "will result :that 'when llive steamxis entering .zthe ,portj250, the opposing :pressures of lthe fluids `in the cylinders 2 and 3 will mutually oppose =each :other :and tend to pack the space :aroundthepiston "rod 7.i'I1.the bore 400. .0n the/other hand,

-when steam is being exhausted througghithe j port y250, it wil-l Aexert -a V much less :pressure in the bore 400 andhave a much lessgftendency-,to escape into the lcylinder 2. .Inthis particularperiod Aof the cycle llni'd Vis'fbein'g sucked into the cylinder Band, of-rc'ou'rse,

.it will likewise exert/a much flessrpressure'in the bore :400 than inthe previous period 'of the cycle. Still there-will .be :some tendency of Vthe liu-.id in the cylinder.tofenterthe bore 400 and this l tendency ito ilea'k saro-und the piston rod '7 willbe opposed bythe eX- haust pressure in the cylinder 2. Its'therefore follows that at all periods Aofrthe cycle the opposing pressures inthe-twocylinders 2 and 13 mutually `act :to pack the-space around the piston rod7'in-th-efbore @400. In -order to make this packing a'ctionfelective Athe groovesl2 maybe filled withl anysuit- Vable material, and even ,if some ssteamg-d-oes leak past said grooves `12 vin-the cylinder. -3 no particular harmisdone. Y

, Coming now .tothepump-end of the-apparatus in which 8 represents a 'pump .piston rigid with the piston 1rod @rand-moving in Supply, and. i 5.1 r. a .passage-leading from. 'Said vpassage 7:2.- likewise Oinsthe :port v-89`fentejr-L .Whi'ch port f lfeads Sft'o the ychlainloe'r 53 `Tpro- .virld .'.Iwi'th ithev ports 154 1and'1540 controlled byithefvalves 55..andf55-0, provided wthwhe stems. 56 and 560 and which valvzesfare inormally=--closed byzth'e'springs wfand 570 respectively. l.

The valve 55 is carr-ied byafcasing' 59and .theavalve 550... is c'arried'lbyfacasing' 590, all easfwiillfbe more :fully 'disclosedrbelow l vfllitting the; end ,'70 fof fthe cylinder 3, Xis cylindricalf'meniber 73, provided vwithithe -passages 71 and 72,1fand :also with the Ycham- -ber 53 1 above 'disclosed vThesaidvrnember.v '73V is also providedf-withpockets 75Jand76-finto lwhichrthe `valve `casings 59 and v'590 reispectifvelyitaswill -be=clearfrom Fig. 9. y;

litting.;the:` outer end lof `the Amember '73 is @fa cylindrical; ring llikelmember '7 7 4-pro- -'vided"with ra chamber l7 8, T-see Fig., 110, in lwhichware located the valvecasings 79 and 80 "carrying" respectively uthe valvesl8`1 and l82 controlled respectivelyi'by 'the springs'83 sand 84, fand closinglthe `eXtremevouter 'en'd of the member 77 is'the Iplate :85,allfas will fhe -clear from the; drawings. l

:Theffpassage 71 in'fthe member'73 reg-iseters wfithfthe passagey 87 in-the cylinder Vmenilber z3wvhich1fconnects with lthe portl 88 enter-l ang-said cylinder aft'one end thereol:'.,an-dv the ing saidcylinder'at the otherend thereof.

' @The operation =of the pump-mechanisrn'so .'far ias-'now disclosed `=is fas follows: Suppos# ing the parts tofbe-inthe position showng-in Fig. .1, 1and supposing the ,piston v8 :to be -niovfing ftowardftheleft, as seen in said figure,

fluid ifwill be'sucked vfrom the chamber 53 lint'orthe v passage 72 .lifting-the valve 5150,'

until 'the piston 8 reaches -the end rofits stroke. VYZhen the 'pist0n8 beginstov-movef in the Vopposite directionl fluid willfbje for-ced fthfrouggh :the port v89, and passage 72 *on-t0 the oppositeside `oat the valve 550,thus'fseating i=the.-\same. Its .pressure however Vwill cause the valve 82 to lift againstwthe .-com- .pnessionoffitsspring 84 Sand thus-force-.uid

intothefchamber78. Fromthe chamber 78 *(seeig. 10) theuidpasses to-'tjhe passage n 90,-and lfromthe-passage 90to..the conduit 91, see dotted linesfFig.17.l i

As th'e piston Sfmoves-to fthefright, as seen infFig 1., in "the manner above described, fluid will further be suckedfr'om the chamber 53 past; the valve Y55', into the passage .A7-l,

passage-Wand passing lthrough the port'88-it will rfollow t-hepisto-n 8,'s0 that assaid piston again moves.toward the-left,as seen in -F-ifg. l, fthe said fluid :will be forced out-of the cylinder3` through theport 88, .passage .87,

passage '71 onto the other side ofthe valveglvz 55,1thus seating the same, and itspressure willv cause the valve l81 to liftfand .the fluid to `-passinto ,the fchainber 7 8, whence it passes .into the passage .90, and y conduit 91 .as above '-disclosed.. Y l

kThis cycle of operations will .be repeated vas long as there is fluid supplied through the passage 51 and as long as the piston 8 reciprocates. i

It will now be clear that by arranging the parts as above disclosed, the following im portant advantages result. f

(a) That the cylinders 2 and 3, base 1, and connection 4, may all be cast in a single piece and easily'machined into a finished article of manufacture ready for use.

(b) That the pistons 5 and 8 and connecting` rod 7 oiferno difliculty in their manufacture, and are easily assembled.

(c) vThat the valve holding member 13 and its associated parts, 111, 17, 18, 19 and 20 are likewise easily cast, machined, and assembled into their operative relations; and that they in themselves not only constitute a separate article of manufacture, but they are also capable7 when needing repairs or replacement, of being readily taken off the cylinder 2 and a new set of similar parts easily substituted.

(d) That in a similar manner, the valve holding members 7 3 and 77, their contained valves and associated parts, likewise,vare easily made, machined, assembled, brought to position on the cylinder 3, and removed therefrom for replacement or repairs; and that these said parts constitute a third article of manufacture which can be readily taken off the said cylinder 3 and a new se of similar parts substituted.

` (e) That by making each of the above articles of manufacture of standard dimensions, I am enabled to readily, and in a minimum of time replace any member or members of the pump or engine so that a minimum delay is experienced in repairs.

(f) That there being none of the usual stuffing boxes to wear out, the troubles due to the same are eliminated, as well as the excessive friction accompanying said packing means.

(g) That the valves 17 18, 19 and 2O being of the nature disclosed and positively actuated in both directions, the speed of the pump is easily regulated with'certainty by the pressure of the steam.

(It) That owing to the fact that the space between the piston rod 7 and bore 400 may be made as small as desired capillary attraction will act to always maintain it full of iiuid. Therefore, I am enabled to maintain a film of fluid at all times between said reciprocating piston rod 7 and said bore 400, thus obviating the necessity of supplying stuffing boxes, and avoiding the friction as well as the wear attendant upon their use.

(2') That owing to the avoidance of friction due to stutling boxes, I am enabled to successfully employ a very high reciprocatingspeed in the pistons, and therefore, to successfully employ the particular type of valve mechanism illustrated which is especially adapted for high and variable speeds, and is not liable to get out of order or to require frequent repairs when in practice excessive and variable loads are put upon the pump; and V (j) That owing to the very high speed at which the engine and pump may be normally run, the flow of fluid from the pump may be rendered unsually steady.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction as well asthe arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention and therefore, I do not wish to be limited to the above disclosure except as may be required by the claims.

iVhat I claim is 1. In an engine and pump the combination of a base member; a. pair of open ended cylinders integral with said base member one of which is provided with a plurality of fluid passages extending across one end thereof; a connecting member integral with said base member and cylinders provided with a bore; a piston in each cylinder; and a piston rod controlling said passage rigid with eachpiston and fitting said bore fluid tight, substantially as described.

2. In an engine and pump the combination of a pair of cylinders one of which is provided withy apair of fluid passages extending across one end thereof and each of which is open at one end; a connectingY member provided with a', bore integral with and closing the other end of each cylinder; a piston in each cylinder; and a piston rod fitting said bore and provided with a pair of grooves adapted to control said passages, substantially as described.

3. A new article of manufacture consisting of a single casting and comprising a base member; a pair of cylinders open at one end provided with a plurality of transverselyV disposed fluid passages and adapted to rey ceive pistons; and a member closing the other end of said cylinders provided with a bore connecting said cylinders and adapted to receive a piston rod, substantially as described.'

4. A new article of manufacture consisting of a single casting and comprising a base member; a pair of open ended cylinders adapted to receive pistons and having a plurality of fluid passages in the bodies thereof extending across their axes; and a member integral with said cylinders, closing one end thereof and provided with aV bore adapted to accommodate a piston rod leaving a capillary space between the surfaces of said bore and rod, substantially as described.

5. In an engine and pump the combination of `an engine cylinder provided with a plurality of fluid passages extending translwersely across oneendthereof;l a pump" cylinder provided with a fluid passage extending lengthwise thereof; a member provided Y with `a bore integral With and closing one end of each of said cylinders; a valve casing closing the other end of said engine cylinder; a second valve casing closing the other end of said pump cylinder; a piston in each cylinder; and a piston rod rigid with each piston Vadapted to reciprocate in said bore, substantially as described.

6. In an engine and pump the combination of a base; a pair of cylinders each provided With fluid passages and each open at one end and integral with said base; a con'- necting member provided with a bore integral with each cylinder and closing the other ends thereof; a piston in each cylinder; a piston rod tting said bore and rigid with each piston; a casing member provided With passages registering With said rst named passages closing the open end of each cylinder; and a valve mechanism in each casing member adapted to control said passages, substantially as described. p

7. In an engine Vand pump the combination of a base; a pair of cylinders each provided With fluid passages and each open at one end and integral With said base; a connecting member provided With a bore integral with each cylinder and closing the other ,ends thereof; a piston in each cylinder; a vpiston rod provided With a. groove fitting v said bore and rigid With each piston; a casing member provided with passages registering with said first named passages closing the open end of each cylinder, said groove adapted to control one of said rst named passages; and a valve mechanism in each Copies of this patent may beobtained for casing member adapted to control said pas-l sages, substantially as described.

8. As an article of manufacture a valve holding member open at one end adapted to 9. In an engine and pump the combination of a base; a pair of cylinders -open i at one end and With their axes coinciding integral' with said base; a connecting 'member provided With a bore, the aXis of which Vcoincides with the axes of said cylinders;

va piston in each cylinder; a piston rod tting said bore rigid Withl each piston; each ofsaid cylinders being provided With Huid passages; said piston rod provided 4With a n groove adapted to control one of said passages; valve holding members adapted to close the open end of each cylinder provided With fluid passages to register With said first Anamed passages; and a valve mechanism in each valve holding member adapted tovcontrolthe passage of fluid through said pas-y sages, substantially Vas described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, Ain presence of tvvo nvvitnesses.' p

GEORGE A. BoYDEN, JBL

Witnesses:

ROLAND I-I. BRADY, MARIE Gr. K LMMELL- ve cents each, by addressing the fcommissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. f l' 

